1
Ādiparva
The Book of Beginnings — lineage of the Kurus, birth of heroes, the burning of the Khāṇḍava forest.
117 references across 7 volumes
Most-Cited Adhyāyas
Adhyāya 74 (5)Adhyāya 63 (4)Adhyāya 76 (3)Adhyāya 70 (3)Adhyāya 75 (3)Adhyāya 104 (3)Adhyāya 140 (2)Adhyāya 73 (2)Adhyāya 115 (2)Adhyāya 221 (2)
Volume I: Part I 28 references
14 Arthashastra Of Kautilya 7
...ers of Nītiśāstra. Bṛhaspatimata is frequently quoted in the great Epic on politics and connected matterṣ Bṛhaspati is said to be the son of Aṅgiras (Ādiparva 76. 19). The Sabhāparva (55. 6) men-tions the opinion of Bṛhaspati that the conduct or life of kings is different from the (rules of) conduct of common meṇ<...
...aḥ pṛthivīm kṛtvā niḥkṣatriyām prabhuh... | tato yajñena mahatā Jamadagnyah pratāpavān । tarpayāmāsa devendram-ṛtvigbhyaḥ pradadau mahim ।; vide also Ādi- parva 130. 61–62, Droṇaparva 70. 15–19, Śalyaparva 49. 7–10, where the donee is the sage Kaśyapa. The idea is that he gave up lobha ( greed ) which is the root of all...
... it means ' what is reached by ordinary people ' ( loka+āyata, long, extended ). Kṣīrasvāmī on Amarakośa states that Ānvīkṣikī is ‘ tarkavidyā. ’ The Ādiparva ( 70. 40 ) states that in Kanva's hermitage there were Lokāyatikas along with students of Veda, Vedangas and śāstraṣ
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70.40
...ashastra-of-kautilya-94">94 Manu also (in I. 118 and IV. 30) employs the words Pāṣaṇḍa and Pāṣaṇḍin in the sense of heretical sect or monk. Ādiparva 140. 63, Vana- parva 188. 49, Anuśāsanaparva 23. 67 also employ the word in the same sense as in Manu. But Aśoka employs the word *pāṣaṇḍa* in the sense of a...
Manu alone—in *Ādiparva* 41. 31, 74. 99, *Śānti* 56. 23-25 ( last two verses as occurring in Manu's dharmas, one ' *adbh- yoginir* ' occurs in *Manusmṛti* IX. 32 and in *Udy...
...teen dvipas (con- tinents) and yet deprived (through greed) brāhmaṇas of their jewels (valuables, ratnas) and was cursed by great sages and perished (Ādiparva 75. 18-22). That Yudhisthira and Nala engaged in gambling is mentioned by A. in VIII.3.43. The story of Nala (and Damayanti, his queen) is narrated at great le...
...lared himself to be a thief, though not a thief, through fear of the pain of torture. In the epic it is said that he remained silent when questioned (Ādiparva 107.9). He is also referred to in Ādi 63. 92–93 ( śūle protāḥ purāṇarṣiracoraś-caurasankayā ) and 108. 6–8.
17 Ushanas 1
...fide in persons who were once inimical are destroyed by the latter and that one should proceed cautiously even after making an alliance (sandhi). The Ādiparva (76. 6) says that Kāvya was the purohita of the asuraṣ The Śalyaparva (39. 6) says that Kāvya performed austerities at Kajālamocanatīrtha and the whole scien...
21 Cyavana 1
...owed the old and aging Cyavana with youth (vide Ṛg. I. 117. 13, I. 118. 6, VII. 71. 5, X. 39. 4). The Mahābhārata spins certain stories on Cyavana in Ādiparva, chap. 6 and 8, Vanaparva chap. 122–124, Āśvamedhika 10. 32. He married Sukanyā, daughter of king Śaryāti, and the Aśvins made him young and handsome...
23 Devala 1
...rship) of women and slaves is mentioned viz. ‘patyau jīvati nāriņām daśānām svāmini sthite tadvan-niyatam-asvāmyam sarvārtheṣvabravin Manuḥ'. Compare Ādiparva 83. 21, Udyogaparva 33. 64 and Manu VIII. 416.
31 The Manusmriti 4
...nces to dharmaśāstras, often in the plural ( e. g. Śānti 167. 4, 298. 40, 341. 74; Anuśāsana 19. 89, 45. 17-20; Vanaparva 207. 83, 293. 35, 313. 105; Ādiparva 3. 32 and 77 etc. ) The only place where a sūtrakāra is cited on matters of dharma is Anu. 19.6; but no name is mentioneḍ
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3.32
...hould not be regarded as referring to the Manusmṛti. Besides, in the Śāntiparva also we meet with the words 'Dharmas or rāja- dharmas of Manu' and in Ādiparva the word 'dharma-darśane' (120. 32). There are some important references to Pracetasa Manu in the Mahābhārata, though in the Manusmṛti no text or vie...
...21. 10-12, 152. 14, 152. 30, 266. 5; Anuśāsana 44. 18 and 23, 65. 1 and 3, 67. 19, 68. 31, 88. 4, 115. 52-53; Vanaparva 32. 39, Udyogaparva 40. 9-10, Ādiparva 41. 31, 74. 39). The words ‘Manor-anuśāsanam’ occur in a few cases as in Anuśāsana 61. 34-35.
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41.31
...rred to (Vanaparva 35. 2. 21). In other places, the words ‘Manu Svāyambhuva said’ occur (e. g. Śānti 21. 12, Anuśāsana 114. 12, Vanaparva 180. 34-35, Ādiparva 73. 9, 110. 32-36, Udyogaparva 37. 1-6). In most cases the words ‘Manu said’ occur without the appellation ‘Svāyambhuva’ or ‘Prācetasa’ (e. g. Śānti 78. 31...
32 The Two Epics 13
... tales ) and contains 24000 verses and the work Mahābhārata consists of one hundred thousand verses inclusive of the upākhyānas ( Ādi. 1.101–2 ). The Ādiparva (63.89-90) states that Vyāsa6 taught the four Vedas together with t...
... passa- ges bearing on many topics of Dharmaśāstra and are relied upon as authorities in medieval and later workṣ The Mahā- bhārata itself claims (in Ādiparva, 2. 83) that Vyāsa composed the work as a great Dharmaśāstra, as Arthaśāstra (treatise on politics and Government), Mokṣaśāstra and also Kāmaśāstra.<...
...ūtra8 (III. 4) we find an echo of what we learn from the Ādiparva about the four pupils (excluding Śuka) of Vyāsa viz. Sumantu – Jaimini – Vaiśampāyana – Paila – Sūtra – Bhāșya – Bhārata – Mahābhārata – Dharmācāryas...
... and then quotes two verseṣ For ‘Ānuvaṁśam,’ vide also Vanaparva 87. 16-17 (yatrānuvaṁśam bhagavān Jāmadagnyastathā jagau). For Ānuvaṁśa ślokas, vide Ādiparva 95. 8 (for sons16 of Devayānī and Śarmiṣṭhā). For other Ānuv...
...n-32-the-two-epics-25" id="fnref-32-the-two-epics-25">25 the Jain posi tion seems to have been alluded to and also in Āśvamedhika 49. 2. In Ādiparva 70. 46 it is stated that in Kaṇva's hermi take there were leaders of Lokāyatika views along with students of Vedas and Mokṣadharma.
...lute rule, but there is a counterpoise in the latter half of the śloka ; another criticism is that the Mahā- bhārata itself had already stated in the Ādiparva and Vana- parva the same rule against killing a womaṇ So it is probable that some interpolator mentioned it in the Droṇaparva to show off his knowled...
...bestow on her a husband and so he ble- used her that she would have five husbands ( *pati* ) and she became later Draupadī, daughter of king Drupada. Ādiparva (197. 35-36 and 44 ff) states the same kind of story, but it is Lakṣmī (in Svarga) who asks five times for a husbanḍ
In the Ādiparva (chap. 169) a similar story is repeated almost in the same words that a maiden requested God Śaṅkara five times to bestow on her a husband and so he ...
In Ādiparva the question how a polyandrous marriage was allowed in the case of the five Pāṇḍava heroes has been raised and dealt with in chapter 195, verses 27–3...
...o take only one example at randoṃ He relies ( p. 387 ) on the occurrence of the word Dināra in the Harivamśa which is only a supplement to the Epic ( Ādiparva chap. 2.82–83 ) reference is made to the Harivamśa as a Khila, in which are included the deeds of Viṣṇu such as killing Kamsa and the Bhavisyaparva, wh...
... of Nīlakaṇṭha Caturdhara ( son of Govinda ) on the Mahābhārata ( printed in the Ch. eḍ ) is a learned one. In the opening verses at the beginning of Ādiparva he praises one Lakṣmaṇārya, then two ancestors of his viz. Nārāyaṇa and Dhīreśa who are again named with reverence in Sabhā 1.1 as Hamīrāpurya ( i.e....
...0.3). He appears to have been a Mahārāṣṭra brāhmaṇa. On Udyoga 143.25 he explains 'eka- pakṣaksicaraṇāh' as 'pāṇkoli' (a bird) in Mahārāṣṭrabhāṣā; on Ādiparva 63.20 he explains 'piṭakaih' as 'petyā iti bhā- ṣāyam' which is Marathi 'peṭi' or 'petyā'. He refers to the custom of raising a bamboo staff at the end of ...
...in the Śānti parva and 168 in the Anuśāsanaparva. Thus the chapters in the two parvans (in the present text ) exceed the number of chapters stated in Ādiparva, chap. 2. It is possible that later redactors arranged the chapters differently for various reasonṣ In the Śāntiparva the longest adhyāya ( 138 ) has...
54 Shat Trimshan Mata 1
...ccurs in the Mahābhārata (Ādi. 82, 16 and Śāntiparva 165. 30). Verse 129 (Ādityacandrāvanilo which is the mantra to be employed in ordeals) occurs in Ādiparva 74. 30. No. 140 of the collection by Dr. Ghosh defines niṣka as equal to fourteen suvarṇaṣ
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74.30
Volume II: Part I 29 references
Chapter I The Topics Of Dharmashastra 1
...riends in the next world; but only righteousnesṣ' 'Gods and the inner man mark the sinful acts'. Vanaparva 207.54 and Manu VIII. 85, 91–92. Vide also Ādi- parva 74. 28-29, Manu VIII. 86, Anūśāsana 2. 73–74. The reason given for cultivating such virtues as *dayā*, *ahiṁsā* is based upon the philosophical doctrine of the...
Chapter Ii Varna 2
... no upanayana has been performed) has from a similar woman a child variously called Jhalla, Malla, Niccivi (Licchivi?), Naṭa, Karaṇa, Khāśa, Draviḍa. Ādiparva 115. 43 tells us that Dhṛtarāṣṭra had from a vaiśya female a karaṇa son named Yuyutsu. Kṣirasvāmī on Amara says that karaṇa also denotes a group of officers ...
Paraśava. Vide nisāda above. In the Ādiparva 109. 25 Vidura is called pāraśava and he is said (in Ādi. 114.12) to have married the pāraśavī daughter of king Devaka. The Sahyādri-khaṇḍa (26. 43) says tha...
Chapter Iii The Duties Disabilities And Privileges Of Varnas 1
...="fnref-chapter-iii-the-duties-disabilities-and-privileges-of-varnas-86">86 The Mahābhārata indulges in very frequent eulogies of brāhmaṇaṣ Ādiparva (28. 3-4) says
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28.3-4
Chapter Vi Samskāras 1
...a' and prescribes the offerings of apūpa and modaka to hiṃ Thus Baudhāyana is nearer to the medieval conception of Gaṇeśa than even yajña-valkya. The Ādiparva makes Gaṇeśa write the Mahābhārata to the dictation of Vyāsa; but this part is apocryphal as many msṣ altogether omit this episode (vide J. R. A. S. ...
Chapter Vii Upanayana 2
...s two points viz. the prevailing notion of the greatness of a guru and the necessity of single-minded devotion to him for attaining proficiency (vide Ādiparva 132 for the story and also Droṇaparva 181. 17). The Mahābhārata condemns him who learns the Vedas at home and says that Raibhya became superior to Yavakṛ...
...example, Uttanka was asked by his teacher's wife, when he urged her to take something, to bring the ear-rings of the queen of the reigning king (vide Ādiparva chap. 3 and Aśvamedhika-parve 56 ).
Chapter Ix Marriage 6
..." id="fnref-chapter-ix-marriage-72">72 prevalent among southerners and then refutes this charge by saying that although in the Mahābhārata (Ādiparva 219. 17-18) Subhadrā is described as the daughter of Vasudeva and sister
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219.17-18
...iage being per- formed on Uttara Phalguni, of which Bhaga is the deity. The Mahābhārata also speaks of marriage on a nakṣatra presided over by Bhaga (Ādiparva 8. 16). The Kauśika sūtra (75. 2-4) makes an approach to modern practice when it prescribes that marriage should be celebrated after the full moon of Kārti...
.... S. I. 11, Manu III. 21 = Ādi-parva 73. 8-9), Viṣṇu Dh. S. 24.18-19, Yāj. I. 58, Nārada (stripuiṁsa, verses 38-39), Kauṭilya III. 1, 59th prakaraṇa, Ādi-parva 102. 12-15 (they are described but not named) ; some of these arrange the first four differently e. g. Āśv. gr. arranges them as Brāhma, Daiva, Prājāpatya and Ā...
...t, viz. Brāhma, Prājāpatya, Ārṣa, Daiva, Gāndharva, Āsura, Rākṣasa and Paiśāca (vide Āśv. gr. I. 6, Gaut. IV. 6-13, Bauḍ Dh. S. I. 11, Manu III. 21 = Ādi-parva 73. 8-9), Viṣṇu Dh. S. 24.18-19, Yāj. I. 58, Nārada (stripuiṁsa, verses 38-39), Kauṭilya III. 1, 59th prakaraṇa, Ādi-parva 102. 12-15 (they are described but...
... the Cālukya king of Kalyāṇa (latter half of 11th century). Such a svayamvara, it appears, was thought to be unsuitable to brāhmaṇas according to the Ādiparva.217 In the Kādambarī (Pūrvabhāga, penultimate ...
...rself. But the svayamvaras described in the two great epics are often most elaborate and spectacular affairs and were confined to royal fainilieṣ The Ādiparva says that kṣatriyas commend svayamvara and resort to it, but they prefer a girl who is carried off after subduing her relativeṣ Bhīṣma carried off th...
Chapter X Madhuparka And Other Usages 1
...le to kill her and so other flesh was offereḍ When even flesh-eating came to be abhorred, then only pāyasa and such other things were recommendeḍ The Ādiparva (60. 13-14) refers to Janamejaya's reception of Vyāsa with madhuparka and Vyāsa's letting the cow loose. This abhorrence of flesh-eating will be dealt with later...
Chapter Xi Polygamy Polyandry And Rights And Duties On Marriage 6
... vaiśya two, a kṣatriya three and a brāhmaṇa four, but a king may have as many as he desireṣ This only reflected the prevailing practice of kingṣ The Ādiparva
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... is alive. Nīlakaṇṭha,8 the commentator of the Mahābhārata, raises (on Ādiparva 104. 35) the question about Draupadī’s marrying five husbands and refers to the practice among very low castes in his day of one woman having two or three hu...
... to ignore it. The Mahābhārata shows that all were shocked by the resolve of Yudhiṣṭhira to make Draupadī the wife of the five brotherṣ Dhṛṣṭadyumna (Ādiparva2 195. 27–29 ) tries vehemently to dissuade Yudhiṣṭhira, who tries to j...
...g away from the husband, wandering about (to tīrthas or ‘elsewhere’), sleep (by day), staying in the house of strangers—these six spoil married womeṇ Ādiparva 74. 12 gives28 expression to the popular notion that people do not like mar...
...-polyandry-57">57 Vide Bauḍ Dh. S. II. 2. 63-64, Manu III. 55-62, Yāj. I. 71, 74, 78, 82, Vaṣ Dh. S. 28. 1-9, Atri vv. 140-141 and 193-198, Ādiparva 74. 140-152, Śāntiparva 144. 6 and 12-17, Anuśāsana 46, Mārkaṇḍeyapurāṇa 21. 69-76. The Kāmasūtra III. 2 says that women are like flowers ( kusuma- sadharmāṇo hi...
...of the mother. Atri 151 says that there is no guru higher than the mother. The great Pāṇḍava heroes pay the highest honour to their mother Kuntī. The Ādiparva chap. 37 says that one may avert the consequences of all curses, but a mother's curse can never be averted
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c
Chapter Xii The Duties Of A Widow Some Privileges Of Women And The Purda System 2
...a> forbids to an ascetic and a widow the chewing of betel leaves, ceremonial bath (with oil &c.) and taking meal in a vessel of bell-metal. The Ādiparva (160. 12) says ‘just as birds flock to a piece of flesh left on the ground, so all men woo (or try to seduce) a woman whose husband is dead'; while the Śāntipa...
...32 calls upon the king to punish with death those who murder women, children and brāhmaṇaṣ The Mahābhārata frequently refers to this chivalrous rule. Ādiparva
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Chapter Xiii Niyoga 4
...ed brāhmaṇas for the procreation of sonṣ 16 Vide Ādiparva, chap. 104 and 177, Anuśāsana, chap. 44. 52-53, Śānti 72. 12 for other references and examples of niyoga.
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...niyoga-15">15 the limit and that if a fourth or a fifth were procreated the woman would be svairiṇī (a wanton woman) and bandhakī (harlot). Ādiparva (chap. 64 and 104) states that when Paraśurāma tried to exterminate the kṣatriyas thousands of kṣatriya widows approached brāhmaṇas for the procreati...
...who is procreated on an appointed wife or widow by a *sapiṇḍa* of the husband or by a *brāhmaṇa*.' The *Mahābhārata* is replete with cases of niyoga. Ādiparva (95 and 103) narrates how Satyavatī pressed Bhīṣma to procreate sons for his younger brother Vicitravīrya (who was dead) from his queens and how ( Ād...
...e husband himself and the begetter that the child should belong to the husband, then the son belonged to the latter. Vide Gaut. 18. 10-11, Vaṣ 17. 8, Ādiparva 104. 6.21 A third view was that the son belonged to bot...
Chapter Xiv Remarriage Of Widows 1
... remarriage, but holds that even after the mantras are recited the remarriage of a widow is not dharmya ( approved ). It is said in the Mahābhārata ( Ādiparva 104. 34-37 ) that Dirghatamas forbade remarriage and also niyoga.
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104.34-37
Chapter Xvi Veshyā 1
...IV. 219); and Manu IX. 259 requires the king to punish clever (or deceitful) harlotṣ In the Mahābhārata courtezans are an established institutioṇ The Ādiparva (115. 39) narrates how a veśyā waited upon Dhṛtarāṣṭra when his wife Gāndhārī was pregnant.
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115.39
Chapter Xvii Āhnika And Āchāra 1
...d inauspicious objects (these are quoted in Gr. R. pp. 553-554). Viṣṇu Dh. S. 23. 58 enumerates six objects derived from the cow as auspiciouṣ *Vide* Ādiparva 29. 34, Droṇaparva 127. 14 (for touching eight maṅgalas), Śānti 40. 7, Anuśāsana 126. 18 and 131. 8. According to the Viṣṇu Dh. S. 63. 26 one should start o...
Volume II: Part II 9 references
Chapter Xix Devayajna 1
...d by the Mauryas would be called Śivaka &c. Patañjali, while commenting on Pāṇini IV. 1. 54, gives as examples an image with a long or high nose. The Ādiparva 70. 49, Anuśāsana 10. 20–21, Aśvamedhika 70. 16 speak of devatāyatanas (temples) and Bhīṣma 112. 11 in speaking of terrible portents refers to images in tem...
Chapter Xxii Bhojana 1
...tory and traditioṇ94 The Mahābhārata narrates (Ādiparva 76-77) the story of Śukra, his daughter Devayānī and pupil Kaca and states that Śukra forbade for the first time brāhmaṇas from drinking intoxicants and de...
Chapter Xxiv Minor Grihya And Other Rites 1
...e stalks and that it is not raised on Saturday or Tuesday or in periods of impurity due to birth or mourning or in portents like an earth-quake. From Ādiparva 63. 1–29 it appears15
Chapter Xxvii Vānaprastha Forest Hermit 3
...tates that when Kṛṣṇa left the mortal body, Satyabhāmā and other queens of Kṛṣṇa entered the forest having resolved to undergo severe austeritieṣ The Ādiparva ( 128. 12–13 ) narrates that, on the death of Pāṇḍu, Satyavatī with her two daughters-in-law repaired to a forest for austerities and died there. Vide also Śānti 14...
...al personages becoming vānapras- thaṣ Yayāti after crowning his youngest and most dutiful son Pūru as a king is said to have become a forest hermit ( Ādiparva 86. 1 ) where he practised various austerities ( Ādi. 86. 12–17 ) and ultimately ended his life by fasting ( Ādi. 75. 58 ). In the Āśramavāsī-parva ( chap....
...prastha-forest-hermit-16">16 Manu V. 89 says that no water is to be offered for the benefit of the souls of those who kill them- selveṣ The Ādiparva (179. 20) declares that one who commits suicide does not reach blissful worldṣ Vaṣ Dh. S. (23. 14-16) ordains “whoever kills himself becomes abhiśasta (guilty ...
Chapter Xxviii Sannyāsa 2
...–20, Bauḍ Dh. S. II. 6. 21–27 and II. 10, Vaṣ Dh. S. X., Manu VI. 33–86, Yaj. III. 56–66, Vaik. IX. 9, Viṣṇu Dh. S. 96, Śāntiparva chap. 246 and 279, Ādiparva chap. 119. 7–21 and Aśvamedhika 46. 18–46, Śaṅkha-smṛti (VII. in verse), Dakṣa VII. 28–38, Kūrmapurāṇa (Uttarārdha, chap. 23), Agnipurāṇa 161 and many ...
... nor gṛhya fire nor even ordinary fire for cooking food and should subsist on food obtained by begging ( Manu VI. 38 and 43, Āp. Dh. S. I. 9. 21. 10, Ādiparva 91. 12 ).
General Index 1
... of 324-325. Adhriguprāiṣa 1121n; Jaimini explains many words in, 1121-22n; meaning of adhrigu 1121; some expressions in, are recited inaudibly 1121ṇ Ādiparva 7, 41, 74, 88, 154n, 155n, 215, 322, 427m, 431n, 460, 501 &c. Adityagupta 95, 99, 784, 926. Ādityadarśana, same as niṣkramaṇa 196; Ādityadarśana, a coṃ...
Volume III 25 references
Chapter I Preliminary 1
...ahā-bhārata and the Kauțilīya both support in several places the adoption of means entirely divorced from all rules of fair deal-ing and morality. In Ādiparva 140 we have a discourse by Kanika said to have been a mantra of Dhṛtarāṣṭra and a pro-found student of Rājaśāstra, which is almost on the same lines as Ś...
Chapter Ii Seven Angas Of Rājya 5
...of the Ikṣvāku race should be chosen as king These sages and ministers are spoken of as king-makers ('rāja-kartāraḥ') here and in chap. 79. 1. In the Ādiparva 44. 6 it is stated that all the citizens of the capital in one voice elected Janamejaya, though a boy, as a king on the death of Parikṣit and Janamejaya ru...
...angas-of-rājya-25" id="fnref-chapter-ii-seven-angas-of-rājya-25">25. Vide Rāmāyaṇa III. 6. 14. Kālidāsa echoes this in the Śakuntala II. 13 Ādiparva 213. 9 looks upon the king who takes the sixth part as tax and affords no protection as the arch-sinner in the worlḍ Śānti 71. 29 says that the spiritual me...
...agupta to succeed himself. Yayāti selected his youngest son Pūru because he was devoted and obedient and the eldest and other sons disobeyed hiṃ Vide Ādiparva chap 75 ff and above p 42. The principle of hereditary succession was so strong that even a boy king was placed on the throne. Vide Raghu XVIII 39.
...h as blindness or lunacy) he is to be passed over and his younger brother becomes king (vide Manu IX. 201 for grounds of exclusion from inheritance). Ādiparva35 109. 25 states that Dh...
... V. 35. 13-14). In the Vanaparva 277. 4 it is said that the princes were proficient in the Vedas with their secret doctrine and in Dhanurveda. In the Ādiparva 221. 72-74 Abhimanyu is said to have learned from Arjuna before he became 16 the Dhanurveda in four sections, the knowledge of astras, and the theory and practi...
Chapter Iii Duties And Responsibilities Of The Ruler 1
...fnref-chapter-iii-duties-and-responsibilities-of-the-ruler-9">9. Vide Vas 19. 35-36, Viṣṇudharmasūtra III. 65, Matsya 215. 62, Agni 225 25, Ādiparva 49. 11, Sabhā 18. 24, Virāțaparva 18. 24, Śānti 77. 18 The Rājanīti-prakāśa (pp. 130-131) quotes
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49.11
Chapter V Rāshtra The Territory Of A State 1
...ree from beasts of prey and all kinds of dangers; which is endowed with mines; which is free from wicked men and enjoys prosperity and happinesṣ’ The Ādiparva chap 109 (cr. ed chap 102) also contains a fine description of a well-governed and prosperous country. The country was to be full of public wells, gard...
Chapter Viii Bala The Army 1
...: 55 men constituted patti, 3 pattis=senāmukha or gulma, 3 gulmas=gaṇa and there were ayutas (10 thousands ) of gaṇas in the army of the Kauravas The Ādiparva (2 19-22) differs from both tables in some respectṣ The Udyogaparva 155 22 further notes that each horseman was surrounded by ten men as attendants (...
Chapter Xvi Contracts 1
... II. pp. 270, 560 notes 621 and 1302 and above ṇ 669). Gradually further universal obligations came to be added to this theory of spiritual debtṣ The Ādiparva (120. 17-20) holds that men owe four debts, viz. the three vedic ones and the fourth to humanity in general (which is paid back by goodness to all) and Anuśāsana ...
Chapter Xxvii Dāyabhāga Partition Of Wealth 3
...hapter-xxvii-dāyabhāga-partition-of-wealth-213" id="fnref-chapter-xxvii-dāyabhāga-partition-of-wealth-213">213 as stated by Manu IX. 138 ( =Ādiparva 229. 14 = Viṣṇu Dh. S. 15. 44 ). The son's close connection with the offering of pindas to the ancestors is not much emphasized in the oldest workṣ But in th...
... 33 pp. 375-376 verses 33-35, 39-41), Devala (q by Haradatta on Gaut. 28. 32, Dāyabhāga X. 7-8 p 147, V. R p 550), Viṣṇu Dh. S. 15 1-30, Mahābhārata (Ādiparva 120 31-34), Brahma-purāṇa (q. by Aparārka p. 737), Yama (q. by V. R p. 147 and D. C. pp. 80-81) enumerate the several sons in different sequences and som...
| Kind of son | Gautama | Baudhāyana | Kauṭilya | Vasiṣṭha | Harita | Sankha-Likhita | Yaj. | Nārada | Bṛhaspati | Devala | Viṣṇu | Ādiparva | Yama | Brahma-purāṇa | | :---------- | :------ | :--------- | :------- | :------- | :----- | :------------- | :--- | :----- | :-------- | :----- | ...
Chapter Xxxii Practices Of Shistas Conflict Among Shruti Smriti And Sadāchāra An 4
...is that he made gifts which are spoken of as sacrificeṣ As regards Subhadrā, Kumārila asserts that in spite of the fact that Subhadrā was said in the Ādiparva (219. 18 = cr. ed 211. 18) to have been the daughter of Vasudeva and sister of Kṛṣṇa, she was really the daughter of Kṛṣṇa's step-mother's sister or ...
.... 147 n 333 and pp. 1236-37 notes 2674-75 for Aśvamedha as the remover of all sins). As to Draupadī being the wife of five brothers, Kumārila quotes *Ādiparva* 198. 14 (= or eḍ 190. 14) and offers several explanations (p 209), the most astounding being that there were five wives of the five brothers who wer...
... 5. 1–8) when separated from Urvaśī; (6) Viśvāmitra, who officiated as priest at the sacrifice of Triśaṅku that had become a cāṇḍāla through a curse (Ādiparva 71. 31–33); (7) Yudhiṣṭhira who took Draupadī as wife although she had been won by his younger brother Arjuna by his skill in archery and who prevaricated in o...
...) Vasiṣṭha, who when his 100 sons were devoured by a demon, was so struck with grief that he threw himself bound into the Vipāśā river(Nirukta IX.26, Ādiparva chap 177 1–6=cr. eḍ 167. 1–6, Vanaparva 130, 8–9, Anuśāsana 3 12–13); (5) Purūravas who thought of dying by hanging or by being devoured by wolves (Rg....
Chapter Xxxiii Customs And Dharmashastra Works 1
...d &c. The Strīparva (13. 2) also employs the plural and the Svargārohaṇikaparva (5. 46-47) speaks of Kṛṣṇa Dvaipāyana as the author of 18 Purāṇaṣ The Ādiparva42
Chapter Xxxiv Kalivarjya Actions Forbidden In The Kali Age 3
...lear a little below by a few exampleṣ Further, several scholars assume that the epic was composed within a short time (about three years according to Ādiparva, 62, 52, cr. eḍ chap 56, 32 ) after the war. Many (including my humble self ) cannot subscribe to this view. Besides, we are totally in the dark abou...
...rein, would be a fit one for the performance of Vedic sacrifices, has already been noted (in H. of Dh vol. II p 16). It has to be remembered that the Ādiparva (85. 34) states that mlecchas and yavanas sprang from Anu and Turvasu, sons of Yayāti. The Sabhāparva notes that Bhīma made mlecchas dwelling beyond the seas ...
...states that intoxicating drinks were forbidden to the three varṇas in Kali and to brāhmaṇas in all yugas (ages). But this is opposed to traditioṇ The Ādiparva (chap. 76) narrates
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Appendix Note 191 2
... the word patihāra (pratihāra) occurs (E I VIII p. 73). Bṛhaspati quoted by Viśvarūpa on Yāj. I. 307 states the qualifications of a ‘pratihāra’. Vide Ādiparva 85, 28-29, Viṣṇudharmottara II. 24. 12, Śukra I. 121 for definitionṣ In the grant of Dhruvasena dated Valabhī year 206 the dūtaka of the grant is pratih...
...97-99, while verses 8-9 are the same as Udyogaparva 35. 33-34 and verse 8 occurs also in Bauḍ Dh S. I. 10. 35 and Vaṣ 16, 34; verse 11 is the same as Ādiparva 74. 103, Śāntiparva 162. 26 and Anusasana 75. 29; verse 25 is almost the same as Manu 8. 89. निनयनमुक्क्रम् । एका हमाशाीं संवांवार्ध । यस्य घटस्फोट: कृतस्तेन...
General Index 2
558n Adam Smith 186n Ādhivedanika, a class of strīdhana 774 Adhyagni, a class of strīdhana 774 Adhyāvahanika, a kind of strīdhana 774, 775 Ādiparva 10, 22n, 30, 37, 42n, 43, 49, 59, 68, 78, 118, 134, 168, 177, 204, 205, 214–15, 222, 353n, 359n, 369n, 371n, 416, 609n, 640n, 642, 644, 645n, 675n, 682n...
... not bound to pay res- pectively son's, wife's or husband's personal ḍ 451, five classes of, acc to Annāsanaparva 416, four d owed by all men, acc to Ādiparva 416, grandson's and great-grandson's liability to pay ancestor's d 443-444, grounds on which liability to pay another's d, arose 442, idea of three ḍ owe...
Volume IV 7 references
Chapter Ii Means Of Reducing Consequences Of Sins 1
...f twelve letters (viz. 'om namo bhagavate Vāsudevāya') do not return to the cycle of births and deathṣ The great power of mantras is mentioned in the Ādiparva (161. 14) by Kunti. The Nṛsimha-purāṇa in chap.18 eulogises the mantra of eight letters (om namo Nārāyaṇāya) and chap. 63.6, states “what is the use of many ma...
Chapter Vi Consequences Of Not Undergoing Penances 1
...hat the son is called putra because he saves (the father) from the hell called put. The same derivation of the word putra is offered by Manu IX 138 (=Ādiparva 229.14= Visnudharmasūtra 15.44). Gautama (13.7) promises
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229.14
Chapter Vii Eschatology 1
...ong list of persons who must not be cremateḍ In the Mahābhārata the rites of cremation have been described frequently e. g. the cremation of Pāṇḍu in Ādiparva, chap 127 (the body was carried in a śibikā covered on all sides, there were musical instruments, the royal parasol and chowries were carried in the ...
Chapter Xv Kurukshetra And Some Other Famous Tīrthas 1
...urya-Ketavate) is the same as Mathurā is doubtful, even though the Uttarādhyayanasūtra speaks of Mathurā as Śauryapura (S. B. E. vol. 45 p. 112). The Ādiparva (221. 46) indicates that Mathurā was famed for excellent cowṣ in those dayṣ When Hamsa and Dimbhaka, brave command- ers of Jarāsandha, drowned themselves in th...
Abbreviations Employed In This List Alone 1
AC.—Abhidhāna-cintāmaṇi of Hema- candra (eḍ by Böhtlingk, 1847). Ādi—Ādiparva of the Mahābhārata Ag.—Agnipurāṇa. A. G.—Ancient Geography of India, by Cunningham (1871). A. I.—Ancient India as described by Megasthenes and Arrian...
List Of Tīrthas 1
Tapatī—(r ) M 22.32-33 (Tapatī seems to be Tāpī here as distinguished from Mūlatāpī) In Ādiparva chapters 171-173 Tapatī is a daughter of the Sun whom king Samvaraṇa married and had a son Kuru from her, Mār. 105 26 (younger daughter of the Sun beca...
General Index Of Vol Iv 1
...e of three kinds, nitya, naimittika and kāmya 60n Adābhyu, cup, used in Jyotiṣṭoma 157 Adam’s Fall 8n Adhaka, see under ‘droṇa’ Ādiparva, 51, 161, 223, 614, 615, 687 Ādipurāṇa, 215, 234, 288, 291n, 296, 299, 303n, 306, 604, 652n, 685. Ādityapurāṇa, 574<...
Volume V: Part I 3 references
Chapter Vii Vratas Called Nāgapanchamī Manasāpūjā Rakshābandhana Krishnajanmāsht 1
...III pp 14–16 for allusions to Kṛṣṇa in the Mahābhāṣya and I A vol. XIV pp 326 ff, for verse quotations in the Mahābhāṣya collected by Kielhorṇ In the Ādiparva (chap 1. 256)
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Chapter Xiv Conception Of Kāla 1
The Mahābhārata recurs to the theme of Kāla time and again In the Ādiparva it is said ‘Kāla creates beings and Kāla destroys people, Kāla extinguishes Kāla that is engaged in destroying people; Kāla brings about good or evil s...
Chapter Xvi Muhūrta 1
...f">10 Abhijit, Vairāja, Śveta, Sāvitra, Maitra, Bala and Vijaya. The Ādiparva (123. 6) states that Yudhiṣṭhira was born when the moon was in the nakṣatra presided over by Indra (i. e Jyeṣṭhā), on the 8th muhūrta called Abhijit, when the...
Volume V: Part II 16 references
Chapter Xxi Individual Shāntis 1
...-chapter-xxi-individual-shāntis-129" id="fnref-chapter-xxi-individual-shāntis-129">129 are cited below. At the end the Purāṇa says that the Ādiparva of the Mahābhārata or all its parvas may be employed for this purpose of śakuna (verses 163-164).
Chapter Xxii Origin And Development Of Purāna Literature 1
...or as *purāvidāḥ* or *purāṇajñāḥ* in Brahmāṇḍa III. 63. 171). Vāyu (93. 94-101) mentions several gāthās as sung by Yayāti, most of which occur in the Ādiparva 75. 50–53 and 85. 12–15, Brahmāṇḍa III. 68. 96–103 and in other purāṇas also. It is quite possible that these gāthās and ślokas said to have been declared by t...
Chapter Xxiii Brief Notes On Individual Purānas And Upapurānas 1
...ṣṇu IV. 10. 23–27 (about what Yayāti said about trṣṇā). The same occur in Brahma-purāṇa 12. 40–46. It is likely that all borrow from the Mahābhārata, Ādiparva 75. 44 ff., 85. 9 ff. and Anuśāsana 7. 21 ff. The Mit. on Yājñavalkya III. 6 quotes on Nārāyaṇabali about 14 verses of the Viṣṇu- purāṇa. The Kalpataru on M...
Chapter Xxiv Influence Of Purānas On Dharmashastra 1
...the soul, the first of which is compassion for all beings and states that he who has the forty virtues does not secure absorption into *brahma*. The *Ādiparva* provides 'ahimsā is the highest dharma for all beings; therefore a brāhmaṇa should never harm (or give pain to) any being'. The words ‘ahimsā paramo...
Chapter Xxviii Mīmāmsā And Dharmashastra 1
...smṛti in support of its propositions (as in XII. 4. 43). On PMS VI. 1. 12 Śabara quotes a smṛti verse, which is almost the same as Manu VIII. 416 and Ādiparva (82. 23=Cr. Eḍ 77. 22). Śabara frequently quotes Dharmasūtras and metrical smṛtis to elucidate and strengthen his arguments; e. g. Śabara on PMS VI. ...
Chapter Xxix Some Fundamental Doctrines Of Pūrvamīmāmsā 1
... was no pralaya (dissolution of the world) at the end of Dvāpara and Kaliyuga immediately set iṇ The Bhārata war was fought between Dvāpara and Kali (Ādiparva 2. 13) and Kaliyuga was about to start at the time of that war (vide Vanaparva ‘etat kaliyugam nāmacirād-yad pravartate’ and Śalya 60. 25 (‘prāptam Kaliyug...
Chapter Xxxii Yoga And Dharmashastra 1
...ted to follow the Yoga discipline he had to give up hiṁsā. Similarly, Smṛtis excused untruth on five occasions (vide Gautama 23. 29, Vasiṣṭha 16. 36, Ādiparva 82. 16, Śānti-parva 34. 25 and 165. 30, quoted in H. of Dh. vol. III, p. 353 and notes 536, 537). Manu in IV. 138 makes an exception for ordinary men viz. o...
Chapter Xxxv The Doctrine Of Karma And Punarjanma Transmigration Or Metempsychos 2
...ḍ This doctrine of Karma leads on to the doctrine of transmigratioṇ The results of a man's actions may not happen at once or in the present life. The Ādiparva and Manu say
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The Mahābhārata has certain interesting verses on the transference of the effects of karma to one's descendantṣ The Ādiparva states 'if the consequences of sin are not seen affecting the perpetrator, they will surely be seen in the sons or grandsons'. This again is an *arth...
Chapter Xxxvi Fundamental And Leading Characteristics Of Hindu Culture And Civil 2
...ll that was decided was that a śūdra could not secure Mokṣa by the study of Veda. Śankarācārya on V. S. I. 3. 38 points out that śūdras like Vidura ( Ādiparva 63. 96–97 and 114, 106. 24–28, Udyogaparva 41. 5 ) and Dharma-vyādha ( Vanaparva 207 ) possessed knowledge of brahmavidyā and that it is impossible to say that...
...( which contains thousands of verses on Mokṣa ), which Vyāsa compassionately composed for the benefit of women and śūdras and which calls itself ( in Ādiparva chap. 62. 23 ) Dharmaśāstra, Arthaśāstra and Mokṣaśāstra, as declared by the Bhāgavatapurāṇa I. 4. 25. All that was decided was that a śūdra could not ...
Index To Vol V 5
... of the unfamiliar words therein are explained by PMS and ūha of certain words therein 1326. Adhvara-mīmāṁsā-kutūhalavṛtti of Vāsudeva Dīkṣita, 1163ṇ Ādiparva, 90n, 126, 130, 466, 488n, 539, 622n, 687n, 819n, 821, 840, 854n (has the verse ‘gurorapyavalip̄tasya’), 863n (on sūta and māgadha), 908, 914 (has th...
... comparing them 468; produced by Him who is intelligent and omniscient, acc- to Śv. Up., 465; produces and destroys beings and is invincible, acc. to Ādiparva 166-467; Purāṇas on K. hold that time is without beginning or end, is all-embracing and is identified with God 473-4; Śāntiparva on the formidable influence ...
...y, 991; the word 'Mīmāṁsā' occurs in Mahābhāṣya 1156. Mīmāṁsakaustubha of Khaṇḍa- deva, denies that Subhadrā was the daughter of Vasudeva (though the Ādiparva expre- ssly states that she was so) 1281ṇ Mīmāṁsā-Kośa of svāmi Kevalā- nanda-sarasvati in eight volum- es (five already published), an encyclopedic ...
...hadrā**, though a maternal uncle’s daughter, was married by Arjuna and mīmāṁsakas like Kumārila deny that she was the daughter of Vasudēva, even when Ādiparva expressly says so 1280. - **Subrahmanyā-nigada** 1325. - **Succession Act**, for Hindus 1706. - **Sudaśana**, city of gods 1529. - **Sudarśan...
...s born on an island and was dark in comple- tion 1161; compiled and arranged the one Veda into four parts and imparted them to four disciples acc. to Ādi- parva and Purāṇas 857; 1161; composed Mahābhārata from tales, episodes, gāthās etc. 858; composed Mahābhārata for education of women and śūdras 1642; deeme...